Allergy Oral Syndrome (AOS), also known as pollen-food syndrome, is a relatively common allergic reaction triggered by certain raw fruits, vegetables, nuts, and spices.
Individuals with AOS often experience mild to moderate allergic reactions after consuming specific foods, especially raw, but not necessarily cooked or processed versions. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and management of AOS is crucial for those affected by this condition.
Symptoms of allergy oral syndrome
The symptoms of AOS typically manifest shortly after consuming trigger foods. Common symptoms include:
– Itchy mouth, lips, throat, or ears
– Swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat
– Tingling sensation in the mouth
– Scratchy throat
– Nasal congestion or runny nose
In rare cases, individuals may experience more severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis. It’s important to seek medical attention immediately if severe symptoms occur.
Causes of allergy oral syndrome
AOS is primarily caused by cross-reactivity between proteins in certain foods and pollen from trees, grasses, or weeds. For example, if someone is allergic to birch pollen, they may experience AOS symptoms after consuming foods such as apples, cherries, or almonds, which contain proteins similar to those found in birch pollen.
Cross-reactivity occurs because the proteins in certain fruits, vegetables, nuts, and spices resemble the proteins found in specific pollens. When individuals with pollen allergies consume these foods, their immune system mistakenly identifies the proteins as allergens, leading to an allergic reaction.
Management and treatment
Managing AOS involves identifying trigger foods and avoiding them whenever possible. Keeping a food diary can help individuals track their reactions and pinpoint specific foods that cause symptoms. Additionally, individuals with AOS may benefit from the following strategies:
Cooking or Processing Foods: In many cases, cooking or processing trigger foods can denature the proteins responsible for allergic reactions. Therefore, individuals with AOS may tolerate cooked or processed versions of certain foods better than raw ones.
Pollen Avoidance: Minimizing exposure to pollen during allergy seasons may help reduce the likelihood of experiencing AOS symptoms. This includes staying indoors on high pollen days, keeping windows closed, and using air purifiers.
Oral Allergy Syndrome Immunotherapy: In some cases, allergen immunotherapy, commonly known as allergy shots, may be recommended for individuals with severe AOS symptoms. This treatment involves gradually exposing the individual to small amounts of allergen, helping to desensitize the immune system over time.
Medication: Antihistamines can help relieve mild AOS symptoms such as itching and swelling. However, individuals with severe symptoms may require prescription medications such as epinephrine auto-injectors for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis.
Allergy Oral Syndrome is a type of food allergy triggered by cross-reactivity between proteins in certain foods and pollen allergens. While AOS symptoms are typically mild to moderate, severe reactions can occur in rare cases. By identifying trigger foods, avoiding pollen exposure, and following appropriate management strategies, individuals with AOS can effectively manage their condition and reduce the risk of allergic reactions. It’s essential for those affected by AOS to work closely with healthcare professionals to develop a personalized management plan tailored to their specific needs.
